Gianyar District’s Achievement in Stunting Reduction: Lessons Learned from a Community-Driven Integrated Nutrition Intervention

El Zenitia Villa Rinjani; Jihan Alfira

doi:10.59890/ijnhs.v3i3.67

Authors

El Zenitia Villa Rinjani Universitas Bina Bangsa
Jihan Alfira Universitas Bina Bangsa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijnhs.v3i3.67

Keywords:

Health Programs, Integrated Nutrition Intervention, Stunting

Abstract

Stunting is a key indicator of chronic malnutrition in children, marked by a height-for-age measurement below WHO growth standards. It is caused by inadequate nutrient intake, recurrent infections, and lack of environmental stimulation during the critical first 1,000 days of life. This condition has serious long-term consequences for cognitive development, educational attainment, and economic productivity. Addressing stunting is a major priority in Indonesia’s 2020–2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) and aligns with the second Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of eliminating all forms of malnutrition. This study aims to analyze Gianyar District’s achievement in reducing stunting by evaluating its regional nutrition policies and interventions. Using a qualitative descriptive method with document analysis and secondary data from 2013 to 2024, the research highlights a substantial decline in stunting prevalence in Gianyar—from 40.99% in 2013 to 5.4% in 2024—placing it among the districts with the lowest stunting rates in Indonesia and exceeding the national target. This success is attributed to effective nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions, strong multisectoral collaboration, and community participation through customary village laws (awig-awig). The integration of digital health tools and partnerships with academic institutions further enhanced program effectiveness. The study concludes that Gianyar’s model offers valuable lessons for replication in other high-burden areas and supports the development of a sustainable, data-driven national stunting reduction strategy

References

Habimana, J. de D., Uwase, A., Korukire, N., Jewett, S., Umugwaneza, M., Rugema, L., & Munyanshongore, C. (2023). Prevalence and Correlates of Stunting among Children Aged 6–23 Months from Poor Households in Rwanda. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054068

Kemenkes RI. (2014). Permenkes No. 53 tahun 2014.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 97 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pelayanan Kesehatan Masa Sebelum Hamil, Masa Hamil, Persalinan dan Masa Sesudah Melahirkan, Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Kontrasepsi, serta Pelayanan Kesehatan Seksual.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2024). Survei Status Gizi (SSGI) 2024. In Badan Kebijakan Pengembangan Kesehatan (BKPK).

Laksmi, I. A. V., Jawat, I. W., & Pradnyaningrum, P. S. (2024). Perencanaan Kebun Pusp Aman Desa Singapadu Tengah, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali. Abdi Daya, 4(2), 12–16.

Leroy, J. L., Brander, R. L., Frongillo, E. A., Larson, L. M., Ruel, M. T., & Avula, R. (2025). Can Growth Monitoring and Promotion Accurately Diagnose or Screen for Inadequate Growth of Individual Children? A Critical Review of the Epidemiologic Foundations. Advances in Nutrition, 16(3), 100367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100367

Mahmudah, U., & Yuliati, E. (2021). Peningkatan Kualitas Pendidik PAUD sebagai Upaya dalam Pencegahan Stunting di Kecamatan Pundong Kabupaten Bantul. Jurnal Warta LPM, 24(4), 719–728.

Marlinton, S., & Sulistyaningsih. (2024). Evaluating The Impact of Indigenous Foods on Stunting Prevention in Rural Indonesian Communities. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 9(4), 837–844. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v9i4.1924

Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2021). Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 72 Tahun 2021 tentang Percepatan Penurunan Stunting.

Permenkes No 39 Tahun 2016.

Pujiningsih, E., Sulastien, H., Aisyah, S., & Isnaini, D. (2024). Mothers’ Knowledge About Feeding Children Aged 6-24 Months. Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 6(6), 1083–1090. https://doi.org/10.37287/ijghr.v6iS6.5116

Putri, D. S. K., Sari, K., Utami, N. H., & Djaiman, S. P. H. (2024). Influence of Maternal and Neonatal Continuum of Care on The Risk of Intergenerational Cycle of Stunting: A Cross-Sectional Study. BMJ Open, 14(4), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081774

Simbolon, D., Adevianti, D., Setianingsih, L., Andriani, L., & Andriani, L. (2021). The Relationship Between Maternal and Child Health Service. The Indonesian Journal of Public Health, 16(2), 1177–1178. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijph.vl16il.2021.177-187

Titaley, C. R., Ariawan, I., Hapsari, D., & Muasyaroh, A. (2019). Determinants of the Stunting of Children in Indonesia : A Multilevel Analysis of the 2013 Indonesia Basic Health Survey. Nutrients, 11(1106), 1–13. https://10.1186/1471-2458-8-232

WHO. (2011). Guideline: Vitamin A Supplementation in Infants and Children 6 – 59 Months of Age.

WHO. (2013). Childhood Stunting : Context, Causes and Consequences WHO Conceptual framework.

WHO. (2016). WHO Recommendations on Antenatal Care for A Positive Pregnancy Experience. In World Health Organization.