Catfish-Water Spinach Aquaponics System NFT: Efficient 30-Day Urban Biodiversity

Nuril Ahmad; Alfian Jenpranata Rizky; Mohammad Abdul Karim; Taswirul Afkar

doi:10.59890/ijatss.v4i6.215

Authors

Nuril Ahmad Universitas Islam Majapahit
Alfian Jenpranata Rizky Universitas Islam Majapahit
Mohammad Abdul Karim Universitas Islam Majapahit
Taswirul Afkar Universitas Islam Majapahit

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijatss.v4i6.215

Keywords:

PVC Capillary NFT, Catfish-Water Spinach Aquaponics, 5 Cm/M Slope, Iot-AI Predictive, 3-Month ROI, Mojokerto Urban Farming, Zero-Waste Biodiversity

Abstract

Objective: To optimize the use of 2.5-inch PVC capillary NFT with 4 cm holes/spacing and a 5 cm/m slope for catfish and water spinach aquaponics for 30 days, using a pump with a capacity of 14 L/hour; analyzing flow efficiency in nutrient uptake, dissolved oxygen, and nitrification diversity; evaluating economic and technical aspects (WUE, FCR, ROI), and scaling up on urban rooftops in Mojokerto; creating a predictive IoT-AI model for sustainable aquaponics in Indonesia. Method: Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a slope factor of 4-6%, flow between 12-16 L/hour, conducted 3 times per repetition; consisting of 9 units with 600 holes for water spinach in Mojokerto during the period of 1 September to 31 December 2025. Sampling was conducted using systematic random sampling, with primary data collection covering weight, SR, EC, and pH through SPSS, as well as ANOVA and regression analysis (R² > 0.8), NPV and IRR for economic analysis. Results: Optimal conditions of 14 L/hour flow with a slope of 5 cm/m resulted in productivity of 120-140 g per hole (total 2.4-2.8 kg for 3m), SR ranged from 95-98%, nitrate concentration was 50-100 mg/L, investment return time was 3 months (Rp 500,000 per month), with 95% of water reused, increasing food security by 25%. Discussion: There is an interaction between slope and flow revealed through ANOVA analysis with a p-value <0.01, R²=0.87, optimizing oxygenation (+25%), 3-5x superior to hydroponics (FAO), 92% accuracy IoT LSTM, zero-waste supporting SDGs/Industry 5.0, novelty low-cost tropical PVC. Conclusion: Revolutionary tropical urban farming system: Yield 150-180 tons/ha/year, holistic agronomy-economy-society-environment, global zero-waste model in Mojokerto Regency

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