Influence of Training, Rewards, and Work-Life Balance on the Performance of Teachers at Sultan Agung Junior High School, Pematangsiantar

Mely Andriani; Liper Siregar; Marto Silalahi; Sherly; Marisi Butarbutar

doi:10.59890/ijatss.v4i9.305

Authors

Mely Andriani Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung, Indonesia
Liper Siregar Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung, Indonesia
Marto Silalahi Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung, Indonesia
Sherly Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung, Indonesia
Marisi Butarbutar Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijatss.v4i9.305

Keywords:

Training, Reward, Work-Life Balance, Teacher Performance, Education Management

Abstract

This study examined the influence of training, rewards, and work-life balance on teacher performance at Sultan Agung Private Junior High School, Pematangsiantar. A quantitative explanatory design was employed involving all 32 teachers as research respondents through a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression after the research instrument had satisfied the validity and reliability requirements. The findings revealed that training, rewards, and work-life balance positively contributed to teacher performance. The estimated regression coefficients were 0.252 for training, 0.304 for rewards, and 0.327 for work-life balance, indicating that work-life balance provided the strongest contribution among the independent variables. The regression model explained 71.7% of the variation in teacher performance (R² = 0.717), while the remaining 28.3% was associated with factors outside the proposed model. In addition, the simultaneous significance test confirmed that the three independent variables jointly influenced teacher performance (F = 23.603; p < 0.001). These findings suggest that strengthening professional development programs, implementing equitable reward practices, and fostering a supportive work environment that promotes work-life balance are important strategies for improving teacher performance and educational quality

References

Ali, B. J., & Anwar, G. (2021). Measuring competitive intelligence Network and its role on Business Performance. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 6(2), 329–345. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels

Avalos, B. (2011). Teacher professional development in Teaching and Teacher Education over ten years. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(1), 10–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2010.08.007

Balakrishnan, S. R., Soundararajan, V., & Parayitam, S. (2022). Recognition and rewards as moderators in the relationships between antecedents and performance of women teachers: evidence from India. International Journal of Educational Management, 36(6), 1002–1026. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-12-2021-0473

Cerasoli, C. P., Nicklin, J. M., & Ford, M. T. (2014). Intrinsic Motivation and Extrinsic Incentives Jointly Predict Performance: A 40-Year Meta-Analysis. Psychological Bulletin, February(3), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035661

Cho, H., Pyun, D. Y., Keng, C., & Wang, J. (2025). Teachers ’ work-life balance : the effect of work- leisure conflict on work-related outcomes ABSTRACT. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 45(4), 1097–1112. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2023.2259113

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Ed.5). SAGE Publications.

Darling-hammond, L., Hyler, M. E., & Gardner, M. (2017). Efective Teacher Professional Development (Issue June).

Director General of Teachers and Education Personnel Regulation No. 7607/B.B1/HK.03/ on the Technical Guidelines for Teacher and Principal Performance Management (2023).

Eisingerich, A. B., & Rubera, G. (2010). Drivers of Brand Commitment: A Cross-National Investigation. Journal of International Marketing, 18(2), 64–79. https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.18.2.64

Eng, A. C. S., Yuan, F. C., & Ping, K. Y. (2024). THE RELATIONSHIP OF E-TRAINING , WORK MOTIVATION , AND WORK- LIFE BALANCE ON MALAYSIAN TEACHERS ’ PERFORMANCE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC. Malaysian Journal of Business and Economics, 11(1), 58–72.

Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M., & Shaw, J. D. (2003). The Relation Between Work-Family Balance and Quality of Life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3), 510–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00042-8

Guest, D. E. (2002). Perspectives on the Study of Work-life Balance. Social Science Information, 41(2), 254–279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0539018402041002005

Haar, J. M., Russo, M., Suñe, A., & Ollier-malaterre, A. (2014). Outcomes of work – life balance on job satisfaction , life satisfaction and mental health : A study across seven cultures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 361–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.010

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2022). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook. Spinger.

König, J., Blömeke, S., Jentsch, A., Schlesinger, L., Felske, C., Musekamp, F., & Kaiser, G. (2021). The links between pedagogical competence , instructional quality , and mathematics achievement in the lower secondary classroom. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 107(1), 1–24.

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of Concerning the National Education System (2003).

Mahato, S., & Kaur, J. (2023). The Impact of Compensation and Reward System on the Performance of Employees. International Journal of Management, 10(4), 10–16.

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach (Ed. 7). Jhon willey and Sons Inc.

Sherly, Sihombing, H. B. M., Gultom, S., & Dharma, E. (2026). A Quantitative Investigation : How WorkLife Balance and Job Crafting Shape Teacher Performance. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dan Humaniora, 15(1), 11–20.

Sugiono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Cetakan-1). Alfabeta.

Taherdoost, H., Sahibuddin, S., & Jalaliyoon, N. (2014). Exploratory Factor Analysis ; Concepts and Theory. In Jerzy Balicky (Ed.), Advances in Applied and Pure Mathematics (Issue 27, pp. 375–382). https://hal.science/hal-02557344

Toropova, A., Myrberg, E., & Johansson, S. (2021). Teacher job satisfaction : the importance of school working conditions and teacher characteristics. Educational Review, 73(1), 71–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2019.1705247

Unesco.org. (2024). Global report on teachers: Addressing teacher shortages and transforming the profession. Unesco. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/global-report-teachers-addressing-teacher-shortages-and-transforming-profession

Uyanık, G. K., & Güler, N. (2013). A Study on multiple linear regresion analysis. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 234–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.027