Ectopic Pregnancy and Its Risk Factors: A Literature Review

Ika Sartika; Noorlinda; Sylvia Meristika Rachman

doi:10.59890/ijnhs.v4i3.286

Authors

Ika Sartika Bhakti Pertiwi Husada Health Polytechnic
Noorlinda Bhakti Pertiwi Husada Health Polytechnic
Sylvia Meristika Rachman Bhakti Pertiwi Husada Health Polytechnic

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijnhs.v4i3.286

Keywords:

Ectopic Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, Management

Abstract

Ectopic pregnancy is an abnormal pregnancy condition where the conception implants outside the uterine cavity, most commonly in the fallopian tubes. This condition is one of the main causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester, mainly due to tube rupture and internal bleeding. Some factors that can increase the risk of having an ectopic pregnancy include the mother's age, number of previous pregnancies, history of abortion, previous ectopic pregnancy, pelvic infections, use of contraception, and smoking habits. This study aims to identify and review risk factors, diagnostic methods, and the management of ectopic pregnancy based on published research. The study uses a literature review design by searching for articles through Google Scholar and various open-access journals. The review results show that early diagnosis through medical history, physical examination, ultrasonography, and β-hCG level tests is very important to prevent complications. The management of an ectopic pregnancy can be done through medical therapy or surgical procedures, depending on the patient’s clinical condition. This means that an ectopic pregnancy is an obstetric emergency that requires early detection, comprehensive examination, and prompt and proper management to reduce the risk of complications and improve the mother’s safety

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